Mixer



Alml 5 1927' J. H. GuNNlsoN MIXER Filed July s." 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet l @mu/a" Jem/m g y April 5 1927.

J.PL GUNNISON` MIXER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July s, 1922 fnunir Jphn H. @muon @y mm mkw Patented Apr. 5, 1927. 4'

UNITED vamraa PATENT "ortica-,.f

.IGI-IN GUNNISON, OIF MADISON, WISCONSIN.

5 marily in compoundingy the ingredients ot aggregates for road making, it Will be apparent that certain features of the inventionvare not limited in their application to road" making, compounding aggregate` prov portioning-ingredients, or mixing One object of my invention is to provide a simple device for proportionmg the 1n gredients of an aggregate.r

Anotherl object is to get the aggregate in place in a mixture of an intimacy comout choking or 'breaking the device.

Another A object is to prevent escape of material when thefmeasuring and proportenrig means iSIiQt in 11s@-` Another Objectis to provide for satisfactory measuring Without any attention to the measuring vfeature on the part or' the bp'eraterl Another Qbiect is t0 acempl-sh intimate and: unfelialextur@ 0f a llllraty 0f irls ents, Witheet anragitation .er Other @ir wired Jin measuring.. the ingredients and depesthapthe measured 'quant-ities. i Further objects and" advantages of the in- Venti@ will bec-Dm@ apparent afs-th@ fleSGfP- tion proceeds In the acceelpanyihedrawings1 i Figure l1` is a diagram'used in explaining how the segregation Vweided by my inven- -50 tien usually Occurs;

a Fig., ,Q -iS .a .Similar diagram une@ in 2X- Plairlitl, the Operetten .0f my invention;

Fig 'is an elevation `0f an apparatus 1 Constructed? aWerdingV ,to my invention;

- 'Figa if and 5' are, ,triansverse sections l L y I, r

y 'Application med July s,

MIXER.

i922. Seri-a1 I N'o. 573,710.

through the stone and sand measuring drums of Vthe apparatus shown in' Fig.l i

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 show different Ways of varying the capacity of the buckets of' the drum; and,

Figf 9 is a detail end View ol' a modification. u

eferring iirst to Figure 1y when mix; ture containing` pieces of material of: ditierent sizes is dumped into any container' lOyregardles's of the shape of the container, more or less segregation Will occur. the peint Where the material falls, the inSi Will concentrate, andr the coarser particlesV will roll down the slope tothe Walls of the lcontainer. rlhis is indicated in a rather rough diagrammatic Way by the distribution of the particles oi' various sizes infthe container' l0; Vhen such a container is emptied into a smaller' container 12, of such size that several of the small containers Will be `filled by the lare@ Containmt-h@ S1131 DrQCeaS ef mixing the aggregate" Pouring. int@ a lara@ container l0, andiillingsmall'containers 12, which maybe Wagon boxes or Wheel barvrows, from the large container lOffautQ- matically assures delivery of several small containers l2 full of tine. material and `then of severalv small containersv 12 ful'lfo'f coarse material, i i A y In making gravel or stone roads, itl` has been found'that anaggregate oi lsutticicljit: density Will compact in service into hard stony mass forming a fairly good lWater shed and not ,easilyy gutted by heavy rains.

It, however, there" are spots Whereell the particles are all small or coarse, so that the Vdensity of the aggregate its loivQ-theftraiiic will merely @here @the material ,@1101 for?? @een iftsnlt, and heavy rains @117559911 :awash it away. Unless rea-df build-ine werd-,ine lt0. the methed outlined. in connection with Figure l is practiced under the constant anld A de failed supervisionolt an unusually competent 100 yand conscientious man, Washed out roads Will be the rule rather than the. exception.

According to my invention,A the mining .of the line and coarse materials postponed to a later stage in the handling ofltihe inanerial, lso as to avoid segregation i Referring to. Figure 2 the nesare placed in abin i4 and ,the coarse material a b 16.` trbutng means 'indicated at .take mate rial from each ef .these bins 'in ythe .proper CTI proportion and deposit it in an intimate and uniform mixture in any receptacle positioned below. In road building this receptacle will be a wagon box or wheel barrow, from which the material is dumped directly on the road, the movement of the material in dumping being of such a .different character from the pouring movement employed to till ,the receptacle, that whatever segregation has occurred in filling the receptacle will be eliminated. Even if this were not so, the area covered by a single wheel barrow or wagon box full of material is small enough so that the smoothing and distributing done after depositing the material would edectively eliminate any segregation if it had occurred.

Referring now to the embodiments of apparatus according to my invention selected for illustration in Figures 3 to 8, t-wo measuring drums 2O and 22 are geared together by gears of equal size to rotate so that their adjacent faces move downward together as indicated by arrow A. The drums themselves may be of the same or different diameter. In Figure 3, is the gravel or stone drum and 22 the sand or fines drum, and drum 2O is of slightly greater diameter than drum 22. This facilitates making the buckets in drum 20 of a. larger capacity than those in drum 22.

The drums are supported on a suitable framework 24, which framework is in turn suspended from a container of any desired size or shape 26, as by means of risers 28. A partition divides the container 26 into two parts, the part arranged to receive gravel or stone being preferably eonsiderably larger than that receiving sand.

To make a unit that can be easily carried from place to place and quickly setup, I prolong the corner posts 32, reinforcing them by braces 34- to a trifle below the level of framework 24. Truss legs 36 are provided, which may be detachably fastened to corner posts 32, at 3S when the device is set up. These legs will be made long enough, in case the batcher is designed to fill a wagon box, to hold framework 24 well above the level of the box on an ordinary wagon or truck, which may be driven between legs 36 under the drums to receive its load. When aparticular piece of work is finished, it is a relatively simple matter to run a truck with a dumpin body under framework 24, raise the bo y enough to lift legs 36 oft' the ground, detach legs 36 and drive on with the rest. of the outfit to the next job.

Meshing with the gear carried by the drum 22 is ai pinion keyed to the same shaft as hand-wheel 40. The weight of the material moving through drums 20 and 22 is ordinarily more than .sufficient to overcome frictional resistance, so that the operator merely holds back a little on hand wheel 40 to keep the drum from running too fast.

A. suitable counting device 42 may be posi tioned to record the revolutions of either one of the drums, this being all that is necessary to provide an accurate record of the amount of material handled. Such a record is not infrequently the basis of payment for the work performed, and it is undesirable to have it kept by making entries with paper and pencil by any individual. In the absence of actual fraud by turning the drums when there is no material in the hin above them` or tampering with the revolution counter 42, an unquestionablc record of the exact amount of material is provided without attention on the part of anyone. The operator controlling hand wheel 40 merely uses it to start and stop the drinn so as to properly fill th-e wagon driven under the same, and need not give attention to anything else.

One successful sand drum I have used is illustrated in Figure 5, and comprises a series of plates 44,'each comprising a main portion 46 forming one side of a polygon completely bounded by such main portions, and a V-shaped side portion 4S, defining one side of the bucket, the other side being dcfined by the corresponding portion of the next plate.

The gravel or stone handled by the device, frequently contains pebbles ofl a diameter as large as 2 inches. It has heretofore, so far as I am aware, been considered impossible to handle material of such large size in a rotary measuring drum. I have accomplished this; first, by cutting the vanes 50 defining the bucket of the stone drum 2O so that their edges have a clearance indicated at 52 in Figure 4 substantially equal to the diameter of the largest pebble in the stone handled. Such a measuring drum operates in a very satisfactory way as far as measuring is concerned, and is also kept in servir-e without unnecessary repairs or replacements.

lVhen such a drum is not rotating, there is a tendency for some of the smaller particles of material to continue leaking out past the edge of the vane 50. This difficulty is overcome without eliminating the advantages of clearance at 52 by fastening a flexible leaf 54, such as a 4-inch strip of old leather belting to one vane, and stopping the drum where such a vane operates to seal the opening in the bin. Obviously, a plurality of such flexible leaves might be provided` but it has been found that the conditions of service are ordinarily such thatone is suticient.

As the opposing buckets move toward each other from their highest position to the level of the pivotal axes of the drums, their leading walls form a barrier until the level of the drum axes isfpast, after which a central slot opens slowly, through which the coarse and fine material pours in a rather intimate lll) .is thoroughly and uniformly miXed.

Suitable inserts are preferably provided for changing the size of bucket in the drum, to vary the proportion of the ingredients delivered thereby. In Figure 6 I have illustrated insert 56 adapted to be bolted in place to cut down the bucket of a stone diuin without eliminating` clearance at 52.

In Figure 7 a generally similar insert 56 converts the stone drum into a sand drum;

and in Figure 8 insert 60 provides a shape of bucket very similar to that shown in Figure 5.

While a very great disparity in surface speed might be objectionable, it is not essential that the two drums should be driven yeither at the same surface speed or at the saine speed of rotation. In Figure 9 I have illustrated a sand drum 62 and a stone drum 64, the drums being of equal dimensions,

- but being driven at different speeds by gears 66 and 68, and controlled by the usual pinion 70 and hand wheel 72.

By the expression building material or Vaggregate for building material it is my intention toinclude road building and ing will so fully explain the gist of iny inj vention, that others may, by applying kcurrent*v knowledge, readily adapt the same for use under various conditions of service. It will, for instance, be obvious that either drum can be used alone simply as a'ineasur- Ving device, and that by proper positioning and adjustment of flexible leaf 54, a stone drum may be employed satisfactorily to This stream falls a considerable handle various aggregates, or sized inaterial considerably smaller than the lar 'est `it is capable of handling. Many modi cations and` alterations may be made without eliminating certain features which `may properly be said to constitute the essential items of novelty involved, which items are intended'` to be defined and securedyto me inthe following claiins.

I claiinzl. Measuring means comprising a container having a wall and a bottom opening, a drum covering said bottom opening and operable adjacent the edge of said wall, said drum receiving material directly from the container, walls defining buckets in said drum, said vwalls being cut away to provide a. clearance between them and the edge of said container wall, and yieldable extension means carried by the drum and cooperable with said container wall to seal the clearance between it and the bucket wall.

2. Measuring means comprising a container having enclosing walls` and a bottom opening, a drum covering said opening and rotatable adjacent the edge of said enclosing walls adjacent said opening, said drum receiving material directly from lthe container, walls defining buckets in said drum,

ksaid walls being spaced from the` edge` of the far wall of the container in the rotationv of the drum walls there past, and a yieldable flap carried by one kof the drum wallsk and cooperable with said far wall ofthe container to seal the clearance between it andthe drum wall.

3. In a measurer for aggregates for building material, in combination, a container, a bucket drum to discharge material from said container, said drum beingactuated by the weight of the material handled, a manual control element, and speed reduction gearing between said element and said drum; 

